Course Description: As communication needs evolve, the current optical network requires both synchronous and asynchronous traffic with enhanced efficiently, scalability, protection strategies, and performance-cost objectives. The next generation optical network is based on DWDM technology and is designed on new standard protocols to efficiently address these requirements. This network may be viewed as an amalgamation of the best concepts from legacy synchronous and asynchronous networks, adding to it new concepts that enhance network attributes including efficiency-cost.

This short course starts with a review of critical optical network topologies, the SONET/SDH standard and DWDM technology. It describes the next generation SONET/SDH, Data-over-SONET/SDH, Packet-over-SONET/SDH, error handling, protection switching, the Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS), the Generalized Framing Procedure (GFP), the Link Access Procedure for SDH (LAPS), Internet and Ethernet over SONET/SDH, Virtual Concatenation (VC), Multi-Service Switching Platform (MSSP), Multi-Service Provisioning Platform (MSPP), Next Generation SONET/SDH over DWDM, as well as the Optical Transport Network (OTN).

This course is supported by notes and optionally by four books authored by the instructor (published by IEEE/Wiley): “Next generation SONET/SDH” (2004), “Understanding SONET/SDH and ATM” (1999), “Introduction to DWDM Technology” (2001), and “DWDM: Networks, Devices and Technology” (2003).

Plenary Lecture II

Hebbian Learning and Negative Feedback Neural Networks

Professor Colin Fyfe

The University of Paisley, Scotland

Abstract: The central idea of this presentation is that artificial neural networks which use negative feedback of activation can use simple Hebbian learning to self-organise in such a way that they uncover interesting structure in data sets. The network in its simplest form performs a Principal Component Analysis. Extensions to the network are shown to perform Exploratory Projection Pursuit: they find low-dimensional filters of the data which reveal interesting structure in the data. For example, we might search for outliers from the main body of the data or clusters within the data set and this search can be performed in a hierarchical manner – we find one cluster in the midst of many and then re-project the data from this one cluster to attempt to find subclusters. There are two main ways of performing these searches and these are contrasted and compared and a composite method created which exhibits useful properties from the two underlying methods.

The network can also be used to find independent components of a data set in a number of different ways. For example, one extension to the basic network is shown to perform a type of Factor Analysis – it identifies a set of factors which when OR-ed together will construct the data set. Other methods are used to perform Independent Component Analysis which is extensively used in blind source separation – extracting one signal from a linear mixture of signals. The network can also be used for clustering in a topology preserving manner: there are several ways of clustering using this network in such a way that similar data points are clustered close to one another and only similar data points are treated this way.

In part 2 of the talk, twinned networks are introduced: these networks have two input data streams on which they self-organise using simple Hebbian learning with negative feedback again. In their basic form, the networks are shown to perform Canonical Correlation Analysis, the statistical technique which finds those filters onto which projections of the two data streams have greatest correlation. Various extensions of the basic methods are devised in order to create methods which react to more than two data streams at a time or which deal with problems such as multicollinearity. A further extension is the twinning of the Exploratory Projection Pursuit methods from the first part of the book so that the new network identifies shared structure across two data streams. This new network is also shown to perform Independent Component Analysis. A final chapter deviates somewhat from the rest of the book since its emphasis is on an extension of the Principal Curve algorithm so that we now have two curves learning on two data streams simultaneously.

Since the scope of the talk is the development of new algorithms, all algorithms which are derived analytically, are illustrated on artificial data before being used on real data sets. Where it is of interest, the results are compared with those from standard statistics or from alternative artificial neural networks.

SESSION: Signal Identification and System Characterization

Chair: Aydin Akan

Spectral Features Detection of Speech Emotion and Speaking Styles Recognition Based on HMM Classifier	Monia Kammoun and Noureddine Ellouze	521-101
Conditions for the Existence of Convolution Representations	Irwin W. Sandberg	521-109
Investigation of Muscle Fatigue Using Temporal and Spectral Moments	Umut Gundogdu, Alaattin Sayin, Aydin Akan, Yunus Ziya Arslan, Elif Kocasay Orhan, Mehmet Baris Baslo	521-174
A Comparative Study of Formant Frequencies Estimation Techniques	Dorra Gargouri, Med Ali Kammoun, Ahmed Ben Hamida	521-160

SESSION: Intelligent Techniques for Signal and Image Processing

Chair: Gulzar Khuwaja

Breast Cancer Detection Using Mammography	Gulzar Khuwaja	521-103
Locating mines in SAR imagery using change detection methods	Nasser M. Nasrabadi, Maria Tates, Heesung Kwon	521-117
Classification of Printed Chinese Characters by Using Neural Network	Attaullah Khawaja, Abdul Fattah Chandio, Alataf Rajpar, Ali Raza Jafri	521-144
Efficient Compression technique for Panorama Camera Motion	H. Farouk, S. Mashali, M. Rashwan	521-137
A Data-Hiding Scheme for Binary Images with Content-Based Hiding Rate	Phen-lan Lin and Po-Whei Huang	521-189
Recognition Persian Handwritten Digits Using Templates and Back-propagation Network with Adaptive Learning's Rate	Kambiz Rahbar, Saeid Rahati Quchani, Muhammad Rahbar	521-138
Vehicles License Plate Recognition Based on Line Scanning of Digital Image	Heydat Toossian Shandiz, Seyed Saeid Mirsharifi	521-140
Handwritten Numeral Recognition Using Multi-wavelets and Neural Networks	Kambiz Rahbar, Muhammad Rahbar, Farhad Muhammad Kazemi	521-142
Threshold optimization of contextual fire detection algorithm using fuzzy clustering	Yong Huh, Younggi Byun, Kiyun Yu, Yongil Kim	521-173
An Efficient Method for Region of Interest Coding in JPEG2000	Fayez Idris and Ferat Atef	521-177
Geometric invariant semi-fragile image watermarking using real symmetric matrix	Ching-Tang Hsieh, Yeh-Kuang Wu	521-148

Sunday, May 28, 2006

SESSION: Computational Techniques in Signal Processing

Chair: Naoyuki Kubota

Visual Perception and Reproduction for Imitative Learning of A Partner Robot	Naoyuki Kubota	521-190
Hardware/Software Co-Design Using Bayesian Belief Networks	Ahmed Sameh, Waseem Raslan	521-188
Coin Identification Using Neural Networks	Adnan Khashman, Boran Sekeroglu, Kamil Dimililer	521-168
Adaptive Noise Cancellation with Computational-Intelligence-based Approach	Chunshien Li , Kuo-Hsiang Cheng	521-167
Arabic speech phoneme recognition using neural networks	Manal El-Obaid, Amer Al- Nassiri, Iman Abuel Maaly	521-185
Quanitization Errors in the Harmonic Topographic Mapping	Stephen McGlinchey, Marian Pena, Colin Fyfe	521-178

SESSION: Filter Design and Noise Cancellation

Chair: Victoria Rodellar

Low Power Amplifier Design using CMOS Active Inductor	Ming-Jeui Wu, Pei-Jen Yen, Ching-Chuan Chou, Jenn-Tzer Yang	521-149
Word-length optimization of an Adaptive Noise Canceller	V. Rodellar, A. Munoz, A. Alvarez , E. Martinez, C. Gonzalez, P. Gomez	521-130
Jordan representation of perfect reconstruction filter banks using nilpotent matrices	Asha Vijayakumar, G. Abhilash	521-126

SESSION: Computational Intelligence Techniques in Signal Processing

Chair: Stergios Papadimitriou

Clustering with Kernel-Based Self-Organized Maps Trained with Supervised Bias	Stergios Papadimitriou, Konstantinos Terzidis	521-133
Multiagent System for Home Automation	M. B. I. Reaz, Awss Assim, F. Choong, M. S. Hussain, F. Mohd-Yasin	521-132
An Adaptive Algorithm for Speech Source Separation in Overcomplete Cases Using Wavelet Packets	Behzad Mozaffary, Mohammad A. Tinati, Ali Aghagolzadeh, Abbas Erfanian	521-164
Laplacian Mixture Modeling for Overcomplete Mixing Matrix in Wavelet Packet Domain by Adaptive EM-type Algorithm and Comparisons	Mohammad A. Tinati , Behzad Mozaffary	521-127
Musical instrument classification using neural networks	Mustafa Sarimollaoglu, Coskun Bayrak	521-131
Automatic Accentuation of Words for Slovenian TTS System	Tomaz Sef	521-114

Monday, May 29, 2006

SESSION: Applied Digital Signal and Image Processing

Chair: Gulzar Khuwaja

Classification of Upper and Lower Face Action Units and Facial Expressions using Hybrid Tracking System and Probabilistic Neural Networks	Hadi Seyedarabi, Won-Sook Lee, Ali Aghagolzadeh, Sohrab Khanmohammadi	521-170
Progressive transmission of vector-quantized images with security and fault-tolerance	Shang-Kuan Chen and Ja-Chen Lin	521-165
Convolutional Data Transmission System Using Real-Valued Self-Orthogonal Finite-Length Sequences	Jiong Le, Yoshihiro Tanada	531-331
Image Registration for a Series Chest Radiograph Images	Omar Mohd. Rijal, Norliza Mohd. Noor, Shee Lee Teng	521-163
Lossless Compression of Biometric Image Data	Roumen Kountchev, Vladimir Todorov, Roumiana Kountcheva, Mariofanna Milanova	521-161
Discriminant Functions and Multi-Resolution Analysis (MRA) for Disease Detection	Omar Mohd Rijal, Norliza Mohd Noor, Amran Hussin, Ong Ee Ling	521-153
Temporal Video Compression By Discrete Wavelet Transform	L.P. Teo, W.K. Lim, W.N. Tan, Y.F. Tan, H.T. Teng, Y.F. Chang	521-171

SESSION: System Modelling and Applications of Signal Processing

Chair: Markus Borschbach

An artificial neural network approach to the classification of inferred intracranial signals	Christos E. Vasios and George K. Matsopoulos	521-187
Dynamic channel scheduling for uwb-based wpan	Khaled Amailef, Jim Wu, Mahbub Hassan	521-159
Channel Estimation forWireless OFDM Communication Systems	Erol Onen, Aydin Akan, Luis F. Chaparro	521-099
A Parallel Ultrasonic Sensors System: Prototypal Realization and Validation Tests	Alessandra Fabrucci, Andrea Usai, Paolo Di Giamberardino	521-183
An Alignment Based Fingerprint Matching Algorithm	Liu Wei, Zhou Cong, Yan Puliu, Xia Delin	521-176
Automated BSS-Algorithm Performance Evaluation	Marina Charwath, Imke Hahn, Sascha Hauke, Martin Pyka, Slawi Stesny, Dietmar Lammers, Steffen Wachenfeld, Markus Borschbach	521-175
Optimum setting of active filter parameters by using genetic algorithms	M. Ghandchi, S. H. Hosseini, S. Ghaemi	525-108
Security in IPv6	Ali Akbari Chianeh, Mohammadali Badamchi	534-390
An Innovative Video Phone System in DHCP and Firewall Network Environment	Bing-Fei Wu, Chao-Jung Chen, Hsin-Yuan Peng	521-172